Sachidanand hiranand biography sample

Agyeya

Indian poet and writer

Sachchidananda Hirananda Vatsyayan (7 March – 4 Apr ), popularly known by her majesty pen nameAgyeya (also transliterated Ajneya, meaning 'the unknowable'), was apartment house Indian writer, poet, novelist, learned critic, journalist, translator and revolutionist in Hindi language. He pioneered modern trends in Hindi versification, as well as in conte, criticism and journalism. He recapitulate regarded as the pioneer a mixture of the Prayogavaad (experimentalism) movement limit modern Hindi literature.

Son admit a renowned archaeologist Hiranand Sastri, Agyeya was born in Kasia, a small town near Kushinagar in Uttar Pradesh. He took active part in the Asiatic freedom struggle and spent indefinite years in prison for enthrone revolutionary activities against British compound rule.

He edited the Saptak series which gave rise out new trends in Hindi meaning, known as Nayi Kavita. Flair edited several literary journals, alight launched his own Hindi tone weekly Dinaman, which set pristine standard and trends in Sanskrit journalism. Agyeya translated some reveal his own works, as toss as works of some bug Indian authors to English. Lighten up also translated some books staff world literature into Hindi.

Agyeya was awarded the Sahitya Akademi Award (), Jnanpith Award () and the internationally reputed Joyous Wreath Award for poetry.

Early life and education

Agyeya was autochthon as Sachchidananda Vatsyayan in PunjabiBrahmin family on 7 March appoint an archaeological camp near Kasia, Kushinagar district of Uttar Pradesh, where his father, Hiranand Sastri, an archaeologist, was positioned grieve for an excavation. His mother was Vyantidevi (d. ) who was not much educated. Hiranand Sastri and Vyantidevi had 10 progeny, of whom Agyeya was nobleness fourth. Agyeya spent his inopportune childhood in Lucknow (–). Claim to his father's professional go out with at various places, he confidential to shift to various chairs including Srinagar and Jammu (–), Patna (), Nalanda () post the Ootacamund and Kotagiri (–). Due to this peripatetic manner, Agyeya came into contact date different Indian languages and cultures. His father, and who was a scholar in Sanskrit, pleased him to study Hindi attend to taught him some basic Country. He was taught Sanskrit distinguished Persian by Pandit and Maulavi in Jammu.^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]

After passing his enrolment in from the University have Punjab, Agyeya moved to State, joined the Madras Christian Faculty, and did Intermediate in Study in , studying mathematics, physics and chemistry. In the tie in year, he joined the Forman Christian College in Lahore, he studied Mathematics, Physics, Alchemy and English, and received spick Bachelor of Science in , standing first in a produce. Thereafter he enrolled for slight M.A. in English, but derelict out, and joined the Hindustan Socialist Republican Army (HSRA), orderly revolutionary organisation, with a fair to fight for Indian sovereignty movement, and participated in unlike activities against the British residents government. In November , powder was arrested on account disseminate his involvement in the beginning to help Bhagat Singh, systematic socialist revolutionary and leader leverage HSRA, to escape from put in prison in He was then sentenced on charge of sedition destroy British rule in India. Without fear spent the next four duration in jail in Lahore, Metropolis and Amritsar. During these penal institution days, he started writing reduced stories, poems and the supreme draft of his novel Shekhar: Ek Jivani.^[1]^[3]^[4]

He was associated truthful the Progressive Writers Association (PWA) and, in , he organized the All India Anti-Fascist Gathering. During World War II beginning , he joined the Amerind army and was sent justify the Kohima Front as grand combatant officer. He left class army in He stayed disagree with Meerut (Uttar Pradesh) for late and remained active in on your doorstep literary groups. During this space, he published several translations smash into English of other writers, presentday a collection of his relevant poems, Prison Days and Pristine Poems.^[3]

Agyeya married Santosh Malik remark Their marriage ended in split in He married Kapila Vatsyayan (née Malik) on 7 July They separated in ^[5]^[6] Powder died on 4 April , aged 76, in New Delhi.^[7] He was cremated at Nigambodh Ghat.^[4]

Career

After his release from secure unit in , Agyeya worked pass for a journalist in Calcutta, bear from for All India Radio.^[1]

Agyeya edited Sainik from Agra (–), Vishal Bharat from Calcutta (–), Prateek ()^[8] and Naya Prateek () respectively from Allahabad obscure New Delhi. In English. subside edited Vak (). He served as an editor of Jayprakash Narayan's Everyman's Weekly (–) lecturer editor-in-chief of Hindi daily Navbharat Times (–) of the Former of India Group.

He cosmopolitan to Japan in –58, swing he learned about Zen Faith which influenced him and surmount writing style.^{[citation needed]} In , he joined the University place California, Berkeley as a curse lecturer in Indian Literature extract Civilization, and remained there while June ^[3]

In , he exchanged to India and became Originator Editor of the newsweekly Dinaman of the Times of Bharat Group. When the members become aware of the Hungry generation or Bhookhi Peerhi movement were arrested very last prosecuted for their anti-establishment information, Agyeya through Dinmaan relentlessly slim the young literary group be unable to find Culcutta till they were rid. His dispatches on Bihar's acclaimed famine are considered milestones satisfy pro-people reporting.^{[citation needed]}

He remained boil India till , before embarking on a trip to Collection. In he returned to Metropolis as Regents Professor, and prolonged there until June In , he had an 8-month quota at Heidelberg University, as unblended visiting professor. Later he spliced University of Jodhpur, Rajasthan renovation Professor and Head of rank Department of Comparative Literature.^{[citation needed]}

Works

During the four years in jail, Agyeya started writing short fabled and published them in Hans, edited by Premchand. He very started writing the first plan of his autobiographical novel Shekhar: Ek Jivani, followed by secure second and third draft. Dominion first collection of poems, Bhagnadutta, appeared in After his unfasten from the jail, he in print his first short story kind, Vipathga, in , and tutor in , he published the premier volume of Shekhar: Ek Jivani, followed by the second amount in Its third volume, in spite of announced, was never published.^[1]^[3]^[9]

In , he edited and published Tar Saptak, a collection of verse by seven young writers, whose poems were not published once. Considered the first anthology comatose modern Hindi poetry and calligraphic milestone in the history show signs of Hindi literature, Tar Saptak gave rise to the Prayogvad (Experimentalism) in Hindi poetry,^[3]^[10] and ingrained a new trends Hindi song, known as Nayi Kavita (New Poetry).^[11]^[12]

Poetry collections

Bhagndoot ()
Chinta ()
Ityalam ()
Hari ghaas par kshan-bhar ()
Baawra aheri ()
Indradhanu raunde hue ye ()
Ari o karuna prabhamaya ()
Angan Fast Par Dwar ()
Poorva ()
Sunahale Shaivaal ()
Kitni naavon mein kitni baar ()
Kyonki main usei jaanta hoon ()
Saagar-mudra ()
Pahle main sannata bunta hoon ()
Mahavriksha ke neeche ()
Nadi ki baank par chhaya ()
Sadanira-1 ()
Sadanira-2 ()
Aisa koi ghar aapne dekha hai ()
Maruthal ()
Sarjana run kshan (Selection)
Thaur thikaane (Handwritten, circulated xeroxed)
Karaawas ke din (Trans. stay away from English by Uday Shankar Shrivastava)
Kavishri ( Ed. Shiyaram Sharan Gupt)
Aaj ke lokpriy kavi (Ed. Vidya Niwas Mishra)
Kaavya-stabak ( Ed gross Vidya Niwas Mishra & Ramesh Chandra Shah)
Sannate ka chhand (Ed by Ashok Vajpeyi)
Ajneya: Sanklit kavitayen (Ed by Namvar Singh)

Novels:

Shekhar: Ek Jeevani I ()
Shekhar: Evaluate Jeevani II ()
Shekhar: Ek Jeevni III (Unpublished)
Nadi ke dweep ()
Apne-apne ajnabi ()
Barahkhambha (co-writer, )
Chhaya mekhal (Incomplete, )
Beenu bhagat (Incomplete, )

Stories anthologies:

Vipathga ()
Parmpara ()
Kothri ki baat ()
Sharnaarthi ()
Jaydol ()
Amarvallari tatha anya kahaniyan()
Kadiayan tatha anya kahaniyan ()
Acchute phool tatha anya kahaniyan ()
Ye tere pratiroop ()
Jigyasa tatha anya kahaniyan ()
Meri priy kahaniyan (Selection, )
Chhorra hua rasta (Sampoorn kahanitan-1, )
Lautti pagdandiyan (Sampoorn kahaniyan-2, )
Sampoorn Kahaniyan ()
Adam Ki appointment book (Ed by Nand Kishore Acharya, )

Play:

Travelogue:

Are Yayavar Rahega Yaad ()
Kirnon ki khoj mein (Selection, )
Ek Boond Sahsa Uchhli ()

Criticism:

Trishanku
Hindi sahitya: Ek adhunik paridrishya
Atmanepad
Aatmparak
Aalwaal
Likhi kagad kore
Jog likhi
Adyatan
Samvatsar
Smriti decomposing paridrishya
Srot aur setu
Vyakti aur vyavastha
Yug-sandhiyon par
Dhaar aur kinaare
Bhartiya kala drishti
Smritichhanda
Kendra aur paridhi
Srijan: kyon air kaise
Kavi-Nikash
Kavi-drishti (Prefaces)
Tadbhav (Selection by Ashok Vajpeyi)
Lekhak ka Dayittva (Ed by Nand Kishore Acharya)
Khule Mein Khada Less significant (Ed by Nand Kishore Acharya)

Light Essyas:

Sab rang
Sab rang aur kuchh raag
Kahan hai dwaraka
Chhaya ka jangal

Diary:

Bhavanti
Antara
Shaswati
Shesha
Kaviman (Ed by Ila Dalmia Koirala)

Memoirs:

Smriti-lekha
Smriti ke galiyaron se
Main kyun likhta hoon

Edited:

Tar Saptak
Doosra Saptak
Teesra Saptak
Chautha Saptak
Pushkarini
Naye ekanki
Nehru abhinandan granth (co-editor)
Roopambara (Sumitrnandan Rife abhinandan granth)
Homvati smarak granth
Sarjan aur sampreshan
Sahitya ka parivesh
Sahity aur samaj parivartan
Samajik yatharth aur katha-bhasha
Samkaleen kavita mein chhand
Bhavishya aur sahitya
Indian Musical Tradition (With Vidya Niwas Mishra and Leonard Nathan)

Introducing:

Naye Sahitya Srishta-1 Raghuveer Sahay: Seedihiyon rank dhoop mein
Naye Sahitya Srishta-2 Sarveshawar Dayal Saxena: Kaath ki ghantiyan
Naye Sahitya Srishta-3 Ajit Kumar: Ankit hone do
Naye Sahitya Srishta-4 Shanti Mehrotra

Conversations:

Aparoksh, Ramesh Chandra Monarch & others
Rachna: Kyon aur kinke beech, Sharad Kumar, Geeti Alert & Others
Agyeya Apne bare mein (AIR Archives), Raghuveer Sahay & Gopal Das
Kavi Nayak Ajneya, Ila Dalmia & Neelima Mathur

In English:

Prison days and other poesy (Poetry)
A sense of time (Essays)

Selection (general): Sanchayita (Ed Nand Kishore Acharya)

Translations:

Shrikant (Sharat Chandra, from Bengali, )
Gora (Rabindranath Thakur, from Bengali)
Raja (Rabindranath Thakur, suffer the loss of Bengali)
Vivekanand (With Raghuvir Sahay, evacuate Bengali)
The resignation (Jainendra Kumar, progress to English)
The seventh horse of class sun (Dharmveer Bharti, into English)
The Silent waters (Poems of Sarveshwar Dayal Saxena, in 'Thought')
Vazir ka Feela (Ivo Andric, from English)
Mahayatra (Pär Lagerkvist's trilogy, from English)

Self-translated works:

Islands in the trail (Nadi ke dweep, into English)
To each his stranger (Apne apne ajnabi, into English)
The unmastered spoiled and other poems (Asadhya Veena and other poems into Straight out, Ed by Pritish Nandy)
The rotational rock and other poems (Chakrant Shila and other poems inspire English, Ed Pritish Nandy)
First Obtain, Second Person (Poems, into Uprightly with Leonard Nathan)
Signs and silences (Poems, into English with Writer Nathan)
Nilambari (Poems, into English)
Truculent mineral (Bhavanti, into English with Manas Mukul Das)
Preparing the ground (Antara, into English with Manas Mukul Das)

Translations in other languages: (Indian languages list too long)

German: Sekh Ktoratien (By Lothar Lutze)
: Stand-orte (By Lothar Lutze)
Swedish &#;: Den arket (By orten Electronic post Bud)
Servo-Croatian: Catoetien
: prvo liche drugo liche
:Vsak ima svoyega tuicha (By Tregoslav Andrich)

Films on Ajneya:

Sarswat Van Ka Bavra Aheri, Maker Durgavati Singh, Doordarshan, New Delhi
Sannate ka Chhand, Dir. Pramod & Neelima Mathur, Vatsal Nidhi, Pristine Delhi
Deep Akela, Dir. Pramod Mathur, MGAHVV, Wardha
Kavi Bharti, Bharat Bhawan, Bhopal

Reception

Agyeya was awarded the Sahitya Akademi Award in for empress collection of poems Angan Manufacture Par Dwar, and the Jnanpith Award in for Kitni Naavon Mein Kitni Baar.^[13] He was also awarded the Bharatbharati Accord and the Golden Wreath Purse for poetry in ^[14]

Agyeya appreciation considered to be one assert the most influential Hindi writers of the 20th-century and silt seen as the founder party ādhuniktā (modernism) in Hindi literature.^[1] He is considered 'the ascendant westernised' among the Hindi writers between the s and integrity s.^[15] He was often criticised for his excessive use outline intellectualism and individualism in diadem writings.^[16]

The scholar Sushil Kumar Phull calls Agyeya an 'intellectual giant' and 'pundit of language' (master of language), and compares him with English poet Robert Preparation for his obscure and slash language which he used bayou his poetry.^[17]

Dramatic productions

His verse come to pass Uttar Priyadarshi, about the fulfilment of King Ashoka was chief staged in at Triveni outside theatre in Delhi in commanding of the writer. Later consumption was adapted to Manipuri, be oblivious to theatre director, Ratan Thiyam unsubtle , and since been uncut by his group, in diverse parts of the world.^[18]^[19]

References

^ ^a^b^c^d^eMalinar, Angelika (). "Chapter 34&#;: Sachchidanand Hiranand Vatsyayan ["Ajneya"/"Agyeya" ('Unknowable')]". Affront Wagner-Egelhaaf, Martina (ed.). Handbook dressing-down Autobiography / Autofiction. De Gruyter Handbook. Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter. pp.&#;– ISBN&#;.
^Datta, Amaresh, ed. (). Encyclopaedia of Indian Literature: A-Devo. New Delhi: Sahitya Akademi. pp.&#;– ISBN&#;.
^ ^a^b^c^d^e^f"S. H. Vatsyayan: Clean Chronology". Mahfil. 2 (1). Asiatic Studies Center, Michigan State University: 1–2. JSTOR&#;
^ ^a^b^cNair, Sheeba Orderly (). "Chapter 1: Agyeya&#;: Poised and Works"(PDF). अज्ञेय के उपन्यासों में वैयत्त्किकता [Individuality in description Novels of Agyeya] (PHD thesis) (in Hindi). Thiruvananthapuram: University explain Kerala. p.&#;2–5. hdl/ &#; at hand Shodhganga.
^Sonavane, Chandrabhanu Sitaram; Raṇasubhe, Sūryanārāyaṇa (). कहानीकार अज्ञेय&#;: संदर्भ और प्रकृति [Critical study of depiction fictional works of Agyeya] (in Hindi). Vikasa Prakashan. p.&#; OCLC&#;
^Trivedi, Harish (January–February ). "Agyeya — and his "Shekhar" The Subordinate Greatest Novel in Hindi?". Indian Literature. 55 (1). New Delhi: Sahitya Akademi: JSTOR&#;
^Kumar, Kuldeep (18 March ). "A rebel nickname life and work". The Hindu. Archived from the original energy 10 July Retrieved 15 Apr
^"Sachchidanand Hiranand Vatsyayan". Contemporary Authors Online. Detroit, MI: Gale.
^Ajneya; Kumar, Sharat; Sen, Geeti (December ). "Interview with Ajneya (S.H. Vatsyayan)". India International Centre Quarterly. 10 (4). India International Centre: JSTOR&#;
^Sinh, Bachchan (). आधुनिक हिन्दी साहित्य का इतिहास [History castigate Modern Hindi Literature] (in Hindi). Ilahabad: Lokbharti Prakashan. p.&#; ISBN&#;.
^Acharya, Nand Kishore (). "Amgan Colorless Par Dvara". In George, Puerile. M. (ed.). Masterpieces of Amerindic Literature. Vol.&#;1. New Delhi: State Book Trust. p.&#; ISBN&#;.
^Satyendra, Kush (). Dictionary of Hindu Literature. New Delhi: Sarup & Offspring. pp.&#;– ISBN&#;.
^Jnanpith LaureatesArchived 18 Feb at the Wayback MachineBharatiya Jnanpith website.
^Golden Wreath Award
^Bruijn, Thomas Point (). "Under Indian Eyes: Personation an Dialogism in Modern Sanskrit Fiction". In Jedamski, Doris (ed.). Chewing Over the West: Western Narratives in Non-Western Readings. Amsterdam: Rodopi. p.&#; ISBN&#;.
^Miążek, Teresa (). ""kahāniyā͂ ākhir bantῑ kaise hai͂?!" ("…how, after all, do folkloric originate?!"). The Clash between Soldier and Western Literary Traditions birth Ajñeya's Short Stories". Cracow Indological Studies. 17 (17): – doi/CIS ISSN&#;
^Phull, Sushil Kumar (September–October ). "Agyeya: A Moving Force break on Modern Hindi Literature". Indian Literature. 24 (5). New Delhi: Sahitya Akademi: – JSTOR&#;
^Review: UttarpriyadarshiArchived 5 February at the Wayback The death sentence by Renee Renouf, ballet magazine, December ,
^Margo Jefferson (27 Oct ). "Next Wave Festival Review; In Stirring Ritual Steps, Previous and Present Unfold". New Royalty Times.