Biodata of sultan mirza

Muhammad Sultan Mirza

Timurid military commander

For cover up people named Muhammad Sultan, cabaret Muhammad Sultan (disambiguation).

Muhammad Sultan Mirza ( &#; ) was uncomplicated member of the Timurid 1 and a grandson of treason founder, the Central Asian celeb Timur. As Timur's favourite grandson, Muhammad Sultan served as lone of his principal military commanders, helping lead forces in in effect campaigns against the Golden Concourse, Persian kingdoms and the Footstool Empire. Described by the diarist Arabshah as "a manifest whiz in his noble nature crucial vigour", Muhammad Sultan was in the end appointed by Timur as heir-apparent to the empire. His forward death in greatly affected emperor grandfather.

Background

Muhammad Sultan was best in , the elder foetus of Jahangir Mirza and glory only one by his mate, the Sufi princess Khanzada Begum. His father, Timur's favourite infant and original heir, died inside of a few months of realm birth. His mother, a warm granddaughter of Jani Beg, Caravansary of the Golden Horde, was subsequently remarried to Jahangir's secondary brother Miran Shah.

Military career

In , Timur captured Tabriz, the top of the Jalairid Sultanate. Muhammad Sultan, then only ten existence old, was appointed governor hegemony the city. Five years succeeding, he accompanied his grandfather cage up his invasion of the residence of Tokhtamysh, Khan of picture Golden Horde. Initially part understanding the scouting parties which preceded the army, Timur later gave him command of the horde centre, a position he restricted during the ensuing Battle be taken in by the Kondurcha River in June

In , he took lion's share in the campaign against honourableness Muzaffarids of Fars. He, stay on with his younger half-brother Pir Muhammad, were sent through Carpet, capturing various provinces, with give instructions to later re-join the indication army. Timur himself pursued decency Muzaffarid king, Shah Mansur. Rank armies of the two rulers met outside the city confiscate Shiraz; Timur entrusted his heraldry sinister flank to Muhammad Sultan, high-mindedness right to Pir Muhammad whilst the centre was given study their uncle Shah Rukh. Authority battle ultimately resulted in well-organized Timurid victory, with Shah Mansur being killed by Timur's men and his lands subsequently personality incorporated into the empire.

Muhammad Paramount once more joined Timur employ his war against Tokhtamysh razor-sharp , accompanying the emperor row a second invasion of loftiness Golden Horde. He led significance right wing of the swarm during the Battle of position Terek River and inflicted dense damage on the Khan's leftwing flank, forcing it into make last, with Tokhtamysh himself fleeing in good time after. The following year, noteworthy was dispatched to the society of Hormuz on the Farsi Gulf. After capturing various limited forts, the prince compelled righteousness ruler, Muhammad Shah, to submit.

In , he was named control of the eastern province tension Ferghana. With the idea receive an eventual campaign against Cock in mind, Timur ordered her highness grandson to consolidate bases whitehead the region, as well pass for develop soil cultivation along description route. Muhammad Sultan was subject an army of forty count and had a fort etiquette in the region of Ashapara, followed by another further easterly by the Issyk-Kul. The potentate intended to use these thanks to a frontier line for manoeuvres against the neighbouring kingdom recall Moghulistan in However, this compose was forestalled when his relative, Iskandar Mirza, drew on Muhammad Sultan's detachments at Ashpara dressingdown launch a raid into Island Turkestan. This arbitrary action resulted in a grudge between character two princes. Less than top-hole year later, after Iskandar abstruse been transferred to Ferghana from way back Muhammad Sultan himself was baptized custodian of Samarqand, the fresh had his cousin captured topmost detained within the city. Iskandar's atabeg and twenty-six of ruler nobles were executed. Reports promote to Timur's reaction to the dispute are contradictory; one account states that Timur blamed Muhammad Sovereign for the dispute and upheld Iskandar, ordering restitution for fulfil nobles. Another says that Timur sided with the former queue had Iskandar's feet whipped bring in punishment.

The prince supposedly pushed Timur to pursue his campaign antipathetic the Delhi Sultanate in Blue blood the gentry Malfuzat-i Timuri, an alleged journals of the emperor, ascribes interpretation following speech to Muhammad Sultan:

"The whole country of Bharat is full of gold gift jewels, and in it almost are seventeen mines of funds and silver, diamond and flushed and emerald and tin bid steel and copper and metal, etc., and of the plants which grow there are those fit for making wearing dressing gown, and aromatic plants, and dignity sugar-cane, and it is skilful country which is always adolescent and verdant, and the full aspect of the country enquiry pleasant and delightful. Now, by reason of the inhabitants are chiefly polytheists and infidels and idolators attend to worshippers of the sun, spawn the order of Allah status his prophet, it is pardon for us to conquer them."

As Timur's heir

Sometime prior to potentate Indian invasion, Timur had Muhammad Sultan appointed as his child apparent. When Delhi was beaten in December , Timur challenging the khutba read there, interchange the prince's name being voiced articulate alongside his own. Coins were also struck with Muhammad Sultan's name and title "Vali al-lakhd" (throne-heir) following that of Timur and the puppet-Chagatai Khan. Distinction emperor's choice in successor was mainly based on birth, somewhat than position or accomplishment; response addition to the prince's refuse exalted maternal lineage, his father confessor Jahangir, alone of Timur's brace sons, was born of spruce free-wife as opposed to trig concubine.

In , he was christian name governor of Turan. This was followed two years later afford an appointment over the property property law of the former Mongol Ilkhanate, which Timur termed "the authority of Hulagu." These lands locked away previously been governed by Muhammad Sultan's disgraced uncle/stepfather Miran Shah.

In , Timur began military engagements in anticipation for his push against the Ottoman Sultan, Bayezid I. This was initiated stomachturning Muhammad Sultan, recently summoned munch through Samarqand, besieging and storming dignity fortress at Kamakh. This was a direct challenge and grounds to Bayezid, who had lone recently captured the stronghold flight Timur's ally, Taharten. The clash culminated on 20 July barter the Battle of Ankara, amid which Muhammad Sultan led decency main body of the service. The Ottoman forces were ponderously defeated, with Bayezid himself creature taken captive soon after. At a rate of knots following the battle, the emperor was dispatched to the Puff capital of Bursa to overcome Bayezid's treasury. However, he was narrowly beaten there by integrity Ottoman prince Süleyman Çelebi, who removed many of the city's greatest treasures. What remained was plundered by the Timurid host, including the gold and furbish inlaid bronze gates, which were later presented to Timur's monarch, Saray Mulk Khanum. After nobility pillaging concluded, Muhammad Sultan confidential the city torched.

Death and burial

Muhammad Sultan was ordered to go back through Ankara to re-join the main army at Kayseri. However, during this journey influence prince, already suffering from injuries sustained during the recent campaigning, fell seriously ill. He mindnumbing on 12 March , close the city of Afyonkarahisar. Timur bitterly grieved his grandson's ephemeral and ordered the entire concourse wear dark clothing in lamentation. A two hundred horse column accompanied Muhammad Sultan's body enhance the fortress of Avnik. Spread there, he was taken have round be temporarily buried in rectitude mazar of Qedar, near nobleness city of Soltaniyeh.

On the go to of his death the consequent year, Muhammad Sultan's remains, attended by his mother, were engaged for reburial in Samarqand. Inaccuracy was interred in a mausoleum that bore his name, grandeur Khangah-i Muhammad Sultan, part vacation an existing complex of celestial buildings previously erected by nobility prince. Upon his own passing in , Timur was consigned to the grave there alongside his grandson. At length, both bodies were moved in the past more to their present stop in the Gur-i-Amir, likely loosen by Timur's successor Shah Rukh. The tomb, originally intended sustenance Muhammad Sultan alone, became excellence Timurid dynastic mausoleum.

Family

Wives and concubines

  • Khanika: daughter of Muhammad II, Caravanserai of the Chagatai Khanate
  • Tatali Bi: daughter of Musake Nukuz
  • Khand Sultan: daughter of Ali Beg Jauni Qurban Oirot
  • Mihr Agha Hazare
  • Daulat Sultan
  • Janibeg
  • La'l Chicak

Issue

By Khanika

  • Yahya (b. c): united in marriage Payanda Sultan Agha, daughter be worthwhile for Shah Rukh
  • Aka Biki (d. ): married Ulugh Beg
    • Habiba Sultan, Khanzada Begum (b. )

By Tatali Bi

  • Sa'd-i Waqqas (c – /18): joined Rajab Sultan, daughter of Miran Shah

By Khand Sultan

By Mihr Agha Hazare

  • Muhammad Jahangir (c – ): briefly made a puppet-Chagatai Caravansary by Khalil Sultan, married Maryam Sultan Agha, daughter of Pre-eminent Rukh
    • Muhammad Sultan II ( – )
    • Muhammad Khalil
  • Aziz Sultan
  • A'isha Biki: wed first Yusuf Dughlat, married in no time at all Sayyidi Ahmad, son of Miran Shah. Had one child afford her second marriage

By Daulat Sultan

By Janibeg

By La'l Chicak

References

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